Irish Lesson 48
Irish Lesson 48
Pronunciation Review
The letter groups "abh" and "amh" without síneadh fada over the "a", in a first syllable and inside a word, are usually pronounced (ou) as in the English word "out". Examples of the pronunciation of these:
abha (OU-uh), river
babhta (BOU-tuh), bout
labhair (LOU-ir), speak
gabha (GOU-uh), smith
leabhar (LOU-wuhr), book
Feabhra (FOU-ruh), February
amhras (OU-ruhs), doubt
amhrán (ou-RAW*N), song
ramhar (ROU-wuhr), fat
amharclann (OU-uhr-kluhn), theater
samhra (SOU-ruh), summer
Samhain (SOU-in), November
In a later syllable or at a word end, "amh" or "abh" can be pronounced (v), as in:
agallamh (uh-GAHL-uhv), dialog
déanamh (DAY*N-uhv), making, doing
léamh (LAY*-uhv), reading
cliabh (kleev), basket
sliabh (shleev), mountain
A síneadh fada over the "a" in "amh" or "abh" usually results in an (aw*v) sound. Examples: lámh (law*v), hand;ábhar (AW*-wuhr), material, subject; sámh (saw*v), pleasant.
Grammar
Here are some more uses for the preposition "do" (duh), meaning "to" or "for".
The common salutation "Dia duit", which becomes "Dia daoibh" (DEE-uh geev) when you address two or more persons, is an example. It is a shortened form of: "Go mbeannaí(goh MAN-ee) Dia duit"; may God bless you.
Tabhair domé(TOO-ir duhm ay*), give it to me; tugaim an t-airgead dó(TUG-im un TAR-i-guhd doh), I give him the money, are examples of "do" with "give". The pronouns "é,í, iad" go to the end of the sentence.
Lig doméa dhéanamh, let me do it; lig sédon fhear an leabhar a léamh, he let the man read the book.
Taispeáin domé(tash-PAW*-in duhm ay*), show it to me.
Tágráaige di (taw* graw* eg-GE dee), he loves her.
Is fíor duit (is FEE-uhr git), true for you, you are right.
Is duitseéseo, this is for you.
Vocabulary
Masculine nouns
garáiste (guh-RAW*SH-te), garage
glas (glahs), lock
grá(graw*), love
Feminine nouns
duilleog, an duilleog (dil-YOHG, un dil-YOHG), leaf
craobh, an chraobh (kray*v, un K*RAY*V), branch
tarraing, ag tarraingt (TAHR-ing, uh TAHR-inkt), pull
tarraingím (TAHR-ing-eem), I pull
céanna (KAY*-uh-nuh), same
sroich, ag sroicheadh (sri, uh SRI-huh), reach a destination
sroich séan chathair (sri shay* un K*AH-hir), he reached the city
Drill
Go through a progressive drill with "do", starting with:
An ligeann sédoméa cheannach? Níligeann sédoméa cheannach. Ligeann séduitéa cheannach. An ligeann séduitéa cheannach? Etc.
Reading Exercise
The narrative from Lesson 47 is continued.
D'éirigh an ghrian níos airde sa spéir, agus bhíBrianábalta an tsráid agus na tithe le taobh na sráide a fheiscint. Níraibh mórán duilleog ar na crainn, agus shéid an ghaoth trína craobhacha loma. Bhían geimhreadh ag teacht.
Bheannaigh Brian do Shéan, cara leis. BhíSeán ina chónaíi dteach níos faide thuas an tsráid, timpeall leathmhíleóBhrian. "Cábhfuil do charr, a Bhrian",. arsa Seán leis. "Ó, táobair le déanamh air. Táséi mo gharáiste fós. Níl an t-am agam chun na deisithe a dhéanamh," arsa Brian.
Key:DEYE-ree un YREE-uhn nees AR-de suh spay*r, AH-guhs vee BREE-uhn AW*-buhl-tuh un traw*d AH-guhs nuh TEE-huh le tay*v nuh SRAW*D-e uh ESH-kint. nee rev moh-RAW*N dil-YOHG er nuh krin, AH-guhs hay*d un gway* tree nuh KRAY*V-uh-huh LOHM-uh. vee un GEV-ruh uh TYAHK*T.
VAN-ee BREE-uhn duh hyaw*n, KAH-ruh lesh. vee shaw*n nuh K*OHN-ee i DAHK* nees FAH-de HOO-uhs un traw*d, TIM-puhl la-VEEL-e oh VREE-uhn. "kaw* vwil duh k*ahr, uh VREE-uhn", ER-suh shaw*n lesh. "oh, taw* OH-bir le DAY*N-uhv er. taw* shay* i muh guh-RAW*SH-te fohs. neel un toum uh-GUHM hun nuh DESH-i-he uh YAY*N-uhv", ER-suh BREE-uhn.
Translation:The sun rose higher in the sky, and Brian was able to see the street and the houses along the street. There weren't many leaves on the trees, and the wind blew through the bare branches. Winter was coming.
Brian greeted Seán, his friend. Seán lived in a house farther up the street, about a half mile from Brian. "Where is your car, Brian", said Seán to him. "Oh, there's work to be done on it. It's in my garage still. I don't have time to make the repairs," said Brian.
Notes:"High" is "ard", but "higher" is "níos airde". Often in going to the comparative, the last consonant in an adjective becomes slender, as in "fada", which becomes "níos faide", longer, farther.
One way to say "to be able" is: "Táséábálta." Another way is: "Is féidir leis" (is FAY*-dir lesh), he can. The verbal noun follows both: Táséábálta an obair a dhéanamh.
"Beannaím dó" means "I greet him".
When you dwell or reside in a place, "Bíonn túi do chónaíann," (BEE-uhn too i duh K*OHN-ee oun), You be in your living there. We are living here" is "Bímid inár gcónaíanseo" (BEE-mid in aw*r GOHN-ee un-SHUH), we be in our living here.